Gabrielle 'Coco' Chanel launched her couture house in 1909. In 1921, she released a fragrance numbered 5 — designed by Ernest Beaux to smell like 'something abstract,' the first perfume to use aldehydes prominently. No.5 became the most-recognised perfume in history and remains in production unchanged.
Chanel Beauty grew from that one fragrance into one of the most disciplined luxury houses in the world. Privately owned by the Wertheimer family for a century — no public-market pressure, no licensing dilution, no acquisitions. The codes are deliberately conservative: black, white, beige, gold; no.5, no.1, J12.
Today the beauty arm spans four pillars — fragrance (No.5, Coco Mademoiselle, Chance, Bleu de Chanel), makeup (Les Beiges, Rouge Allure, Le Lift), skincare (Hydra Beauty, Sublimage, No.1) and the Sublimage prestige range. Distribution is tighter than any peer house — Chanel boutiques, MECCA, David Jones.